Two cell populations (TypeA and TypeB) are initialised as a mixed blob on an 80x80 pixel lattice. Differential contact energies cause TypeA cells (low homo-adhesion, J=2) to engulf TypeB cells (higher homo-adhesion, J=16), reproducing the Steinberg differential adhesion hypothesis. After ~2000 MCS the cells segregate into distinct clusters.
Lattice80×80
Initial Cells45
Final Cells45100% of initial
Avg Volume22.9
Total MCS3,000
Snapshots21
Runtime6.2s
2D Lattice Viewer
Population & Morphometry
TypeA cells (green) secrete a diffusible factor "Signal" that TypeB cells (orange) follow via chemotaxis (lambda_chemo = 500). The diffusion solver runs a forward-Euler PDE on the same lattice. Over time, TypeB cells cluster around the TypeA secretors, demonstrating gradient-driven cell migration on a 2-D CPM lattice.
Lattice80×80
Initial Cells45
Final Cells1124% of initial
Avg Volume21.4
Total MCS2,000
Snapshots21
Runtime5.8s
2D Lattice Viewer
Population & Morphometry
Cells start from a small blob and grow by incrementing their target volume each MCS (+0.1 px/MCS). When a cell's actual volume exceeds 50 pixels it divides randomly, producing two daughter cells that reset to the base target volume. The colony expands outward as the population doubles repeatedly, demonstrating tissue growth on a 150x150 lattice.
Lattice150×150
Initial Cells25
Final Cells8003200% of initial
Avg Volume28.1
Total MCS3,000
Snapshots21
Runtime40.4s
2D Lattice Viewer
Population & Morphometry
This experiment combines all three physics modules — differential adhesion, chemotaxis, and mitosis — to model tumour spheroid invasion. TypeA cells (green) form a tightly cohesive core (J_AA = 2) that secretes a diffusible signal. TypeB cells (orange) are repelled by the signal (lambda_chemo = -200) and have weak medium adhesion (J_M-B = 8), causing them to scatter outward as invasive cells. Both populations grow and divide (division at 50 px, +0.06 px/MCS). The result is a dense expanding core surrounded by a diffuse front of dispersing invaders — a hallmark of collective cell invasion.
Lattice150×150
Initial Cells25
Final Cells8903560% of initial
Avg Volume25.3
Total MCS4,000
Snapshots21
Runtime76.9s
2D Lattice Viewer
Population & Morphometry
